Women Athletes in Male Dominated Sports Essay -- Argumentative Persuas

Ladies Athletes in Male Dominated Sports Sports are one of the incomparable American side interests, yet actually sports have energized a particular division among guys and females in the American culture. The perspectives gained through games are found out on the field and penetrated into this present reality to make strife between the genders. The issue of sexual orientation imbalance goes a long ways past the games world, yet male ruled associations structure and backing the genders. With this partition of genders we see the social and social strain on competitors taking an interest in inverse sexual orientation sports, since society dislikes ladies taking an interest in male ruled games. Sports has consistently had a manly perspective. It has been viewed as unladylike for ladies to take an interest in specific games, not to mention those that are basically male commanded. The American open's interest with female competitors: tennis players, proficient golf players, professional skaters, and gymnasts. These games exhibit the deftness and style normal to ladies and in spite of the fact that physicality is unmistakably a significant part of these games, the individual stars are known, socially in any event, more for their ladylike properties such as generosity, marvelousness and effortlessness (Banet-Weiser, p 411). From the article by Banet-Weiser, we can see society and the overall population acknowledgment of female competitors has consistently been founded on their ladylike magnificence and externalized status, as opposed to their athletic ability, which turns into a significant disadvantage to ladies' games and presumably a huge motivation behind why numerous ladie s drop out of sports or have their sexual character addressed when they attempt to demonstrate their physicality. This issue of sexual orientation in sport happens constantly. The manly suppositions... ... everybody whether male or female needs to consolidate physical action into their day by day schedule. Without it, we would not have the option to take an interest in games thus consider the possibility that a lady sweats when she is at the rec center or playing a game, it just demonstrates that she is taking a stab at what she is doing. In this way, as it were, sport furnishes correspondence with others and improves the physical, mental, and passionate prosperity of a lady. I think we simply need to look past the negative parts of game since they can occupy competitors or even reason them to quit doing what they love. Weight from society to fit in is consistently a hard thing to manage and those that defeat the comments from crowds or pundits become the better individual over the long haul by glancing back at what they achieved and what they have deserted for some different ages of ladies competitors to follow.

Can Democracy Stop Terrorism?

Would democracy be able to Stop Terrorism? There is a general and developing worry about Terrorism and the dread it is spreading everywhere throughout the world. Battling it is one of these days fundamental needs and the best methods of doing it are being examined by researchers, governments and individuals as a rule. The idea of psychological oppression has advanced consistently and no consensual definition has been reached. There are anyway sure highlights that plainly portrays these sudden and, commonly, destroying occasions. However additionally the manner in which psychological militants are working and the devices theyre utilizing has been changing, which makes considerably progressively hard to locate the better method to stop them. At the point when the immense and incredible law based nation USA turned into the objective of one of the significant assaults from all occasions, at that point numerous things were addressed and the feeling that nobody and no nation were sheltered heard handily spread among open point of view. Are Democracies increasingly helpless against Terrorism? Is this kind of system the best one to stop the viciousness? Is Terrorism, or the measures to destroy it, restricting the rights and freedoms that vote based system is intended to give? These are fascinating inquiries. In this Essay, I will initially clarify what I mean by fear mongering and popular government, before dissecting the presence of a connection between both. At that point I will introduce contentions for and against the possibility that democratizing the nations where psychological warfare originates from may be the answer for this dread spreading marvel. I will at that point show that most likely it isn't the situation and that completion fear mongering may include a lot further measures than a basic difference in political framework. At long last, and to get whether Terrorism is debilitating majority rules systems and its principle ensures, I will show ongoing models that may permit us to comprehend it better. All through the paper I will likewise discover in hypotheses and extraordinary creators, similar to Hobbes and Schmitter, the vital assistance to all the more likely comprehend these two complex yet testing and current ideas. Characterizing popular government and fear mongering Popular government can be characterized as the political framework where political authority has a place with individuals. The word originates from the Greek, where demos implies individuals and kratos implies authority. There are anyway various kinds of majority rule government and in this exposition at whatever point I allude to popular government, I mean liberal vote based system. This later idea adds to the general idea of agent majority rules system (in which individuals through races choose their delegates) the reality (among others, however this is likely the most discernable) that there is the insurance of freedoms and rights through a constitution. Among those rights and opportunities there are the ability to speak freely and religion, uniformity under the watchful eye of law and others. Disarray among majority rule government and liberal vote based system happens frequently in light of the fact that popular government is the word that reverberates in people groups brains an d springs from their lips as they battle for opportunity and a superior method of lifeâ [1]â . Anyway what they search for in reality is a political framework that joins majority rule government on one hand with opportunity, the standard of law, and great administration then again at the end of the day, liberal democracy.â [2]â In spite of the fact that fear based oppression is a troublesome idea to characterize there are some regular highlights among psychological militant assaults that can be focused on: they include an ideological part, use savagery or if nothing else a danger of brutality, are by and large led by a sorted out gathering (or possibly by a gathering comprised by a solid head and reliable supporters), and point, as a rule, regular folks instead of aggressive gatherings. The primary thought is to spread the dread in a summed up way and that is the reason their objectives are regular residents that normally dont even realize their motivations however sense dread and the startling quality of their demonstrations all the more significantly. As indicated by Willem Schinkelâ [3]â terrorism stirs base up, that implies, that regular people are utilized as an intend to accomplish their genuine crowd (typically states, as images of a specific belief system or states themselves in instances of auton omy battles, similar to ETA in Spain). Contingent upon the nationality of those (individuals and establishments) engaged with the assaults, we can separate two sorts of psychological oppression: transnational fear based oppression and household psychological warfare. In the previous the occurrence happens in one nation [and] includes culprits, casualties, foundations, governments, or residents of another nation, in the last it includes culprits, casualties, and a group of people of the nation where the episode occursâ [4]â . With the end goal of my exploration I will mostly concentrate on transnational psychological warfare. Since inside transnational fear based oppression there are various sorts, I will for the most part center my examination around the one played by radical Islamist developments, similar to Al-Qaeda, for instance. As it has just been stated, the idea of fear based oppression has developed through occasions. To be specific the manner in which dread and fear are being executed is getting progressively advanced. The most widely recognized assaults are described by bombings, grabbing and capturing however the dread of weapons of mass decimation being utilized turns the finding of arrangements considerably progressively earnest. However, what is startlingly testing in this new rush of psychological warfare is that dread is in most of cases one-sided (considering, similar to it was said previously, fear based oppressor bunches like Al Qaeda). We can say that for this situation dread wont most likely be sufficient to end war, as Hobbes would state. As indicated by this creator, the general public is formed by narrow minded creatures thus the typical state is a condition of war, however the war itself can be forestalled in light of the fact that what likewise describes individuals is that they dread t hings, they dread passing for instance. In any case, on account of psychological warfare (or on account of one of its most widely recognized types), its entertainers are not driven by dread, they are prepared to confront passing if fundamental and for what they accept to be a higher purpose.â [5]â Will Democracy have the option to stop Terrorism? Generally after 9/11 assaults in USA, that executed around 3,000 individuals in both New Yorks World Trade Center and Pentagon, most of President Bushs discourses in regards to the battle against psychological oppression included that just through the democratization of the nations generators of fear based oppression would that battle be effective. In February 2003, for instance, in the American Enterprise Institute, Bush expressed that The world has an away from in the spread of vote based qualities, since steady and free countries don't raise the philosophies of homicide. There is then an extraordinary conversation with respect to the ability of liberal majority rules systems to end the complaints that feed psychological oppressors activities. Expecting that most of fear based oppressor assaults culprits originate from the Middle East, where theres an obvious absence of equitable standards, can then a connection be made between these two wonders? Would the democratization of these nations bring about less psychological oppressor occasions? Natan Sharansky in his book The Case of Democracy: The Power of opportunity to defeat oppression and fear shields that it would. He thinks about that the absence of majority rules system in these nations favors the flourishment of irate and baffled personalities and urges savagery so as to accomplish ones objectives. He accepts that majority rule government would carry harmony to those countries and goes much further by saying that it is Wests obligation to enable the democratization to process. As indicated by Sharansky, and supporting Bushs aims, the west and popularity based world should put forth attempts towards the usage of a majority rule political framework where it was rarely experienced and this would be the best method of consummation this fear based oppression era.â [6]â Like Sharansky likewise Quan Liâ [7]â defends that popular government would decrease disappointments and strife by growing political open doors through races and as indicated by Rudolph Rummel living in a liberal majority rule nation would in essence lessen struggle between individuals, on the grounds that the association between individuals in a setting of opportunity is good for everybody. Things being what they are, would a higher political support add to the decrease of fear based oppressor occurrences? As per Michael Freemanâ [8]â the systems that drive transnational psychological oppressor bunches like Al-Qaeda are four: military, social, financial and political. The composed psychological oppressor assaults are then the aftereffect of a feeling of danger towards Islamic grounds (military), a feeling of danger towards Islamic culture and personality (social), a feeling of dissatisfaction towards modernization and globalization, which the western world speak to and that in the Middle East neglected to improve the economy (financial) and a feeling of powerlessness to make themselves understood and to arrive at their requests (political). Thinking about these four components, vote based system obviously is by all accounts ready to have positive outcomes yet doubtlessly wouldnt be sufficient to stop psychological warfare. I concur with Gregory Gauseâ [9]â when he contends that this political framework would give the chance of a political investment from these gatherings yet there is no assurance that they would have enough help for their political plan. What's more, all things considered, the inquiry is whether they would acknowledge people groups decision or would that circumstance make them much progressively baffled and induce them to come back to their past usual methodology and assault their majority rules system and different countries excessively so as to get the achievement of their objectives. Other than this vulnerability with respect to fear based oppressors response before ineffective races, there is additionally the ideological segment of their points. What's more, that is something that can't be disrega rded. It isn't only an issue of being heard and accomplishing political portrayal, I would even hazard saying that it is their minor need. There is an established contempt towards what the western culture speaks to. Strict issues and fundamentalism are certainly based on part of that scorn and that is something that ought to be smoothen specifically by instruction. Islamism is a long way from the radical thoughts that these associations represent and childre

Economics of Tobacco in Health Care Industry - Free Essay Example

Introduction Health economics is a study of the issues concerned with the provision of health services, access to medical care, efficiency, effectiveness, production and supply of health and healthcare services. Other factors include demand and consumption process as well as costs related to the industry. The study of healthcare economics is somehow different from other commodities in the market. Factors which make the industry unique include government control and intervention as well berries as an entry of the other providers. There are also third parties in the course of provision which include the physicians and medical professionals. Mastery of the costs, charges and other related expenditures ensures effective decision making and planning for the government and other stakeholders. In most cases, the demand for healthcare is termed as derived demand, meaning that is different from other typical goods. The main players include the contributors, the citizens the country, providers of the services and consumers of the products. In this case, a study of the tobacco economics is the crucial segment of the healthcare economics(Abrams, David B., et al, p 296). Mastery of the care costs associated with the medical platform such as caring for the patients, preventive measures, access to medicines, as well as demand and supply is crucial for both short-term and long-term planning. The study of tobacco gives extensive knowledge which allows various bodies to plan and arrive and critical decisions. Tobacco and tobacco use is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths around the globe. The commodity kills more than 7 million people every year. Studies indicate that use of tobacco leads to various things such as high toll diseases, suffering from the affected parties, death cases and hence it has become the burden to the users and non-users. In the US alone, the economic burden has been rising over the years, with global level hitting at US$ 1.4 trillion regarding healthcare costs as well as losses in the production in each year. Studies across the globe indicate that tobacco use kills people through direct and indirect ways as well as draining the treasuries large sums of money to take care of the negative impact associated with the drug. Though some economist argues that there is the economic contribution from the whole process of tobacco production, the input and the output cannot be matched. Studies done by the Center for Disease Control indicates that costs are associat ed with lifetime personal healthcare charges of the people who smoke as well as the passive smokers(Abrams, David B., et al, p 299). In a year, costs associated with governmental expenditures on tobacco costs are currently standing at $1,227 US per person in a year with other information indicating that lifetime costs are $16,500 per male while in a female, the cost is higher by $3000. Scientific Data on Tobacco Use and Impact on Healthcare Industry Tobacco smoking is one of the cost factors when it comes to healthcare. The use, distribution, health impact, and the death rate has been rising due to lack of effective control. Studies have been done in various parts of the globe. Being one of the mostly smoked product in the globe, the indication is that close to 46 percent of men and about 13 percent of women aged 16 years in over 15 countries across the globe use the commodity. In middle-income and low-income countries, the trend has been raising. According to the World Health Organization, tobacco is the leading cause of deaths which can be prevented across the globe. Data from medical studies indicate that there are 6 million deaths which account for 11 percent of all deaths with over 650,000 deaths occurring in the non-smokers(World Health Organization). The total number of deaths as per 20th century is estimated to be over 110 million with the US leading in the death toll. Common diseases associated with the disease can be prevented at lower medical costs. However, the control measures have been ignored in most cases due to the contribution factor associated with revenues from tobacco commodities. Most of the common diseases include respiratory, liver and heart complications. Common cases are manifested as heart attacks, high level of stroke in men and women, chronic cases and cancer if many types. Mortality Rate and Costs One of the leading economic impacts of healthcare is mortality rate cases. Smoking of tobacco is associated with a cause of over 5 million deaths in a year. Studies indicate that female smokers are less tolerant of an average loss of 14.3 years of life, while men loss 13.1 years of life. One stick of cigarette is associated with loss of 10 minutes per individual while the cost of a packet retails at an average of $6.6 in common outlets. Smokers have been found to die earlier than non-smokers, with most of them, died before the age of 60 years or even 70. The costs of associated with mortality rates are high in the healthcare industry(World Health Organization). The medical professionals have to treat, educate and provide their time in the course of service provision. Studies indicate that in the United States, use of tobacco commodities accounts for 1 out of every six early cases of deaths on annuals basis. The translation is close to half million deaths per year. The costs associat ed with premature deaths are very high for the government as well as the taxpayers. Cancer Costs Associated With Tobacco Use Tobacco use is the leading cause of several types of cancer. One of the most costly treatment includes cancer patients across the globe. There are several types of severe cancer caused by tobacco use such as kidney cancer, larynx cancer, and bladder cancer. Others include esophagus, pancreas, stomach and cervical cancer in women. Data indicate that smoking of tobacco causes death rate of 22.4 percent for males and 11.6 percent for female smokers before the age of 80 years(Lightwood, James, Alexis, and Glantz, p 798). Lung cancer is one of the leading types of killer causes. The probability of death is currently standing at eight over 10. Medical costs associated with taking care of the cancer patients is prohibitive for the government as well as well as the medical bodies. Other common case is pulmonary diseases and complications due to smoke exposure. Studies indicate that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease linked tobacco use leads to serious and permanent cases. Individuals with terminal complications have been found to be very expensive to access treatment and provide for the basic needs. Deaths associated with smoking have been rising of late, due to the high level of access to the commodity across the globe. Treatment Costs There is also healthcare cost associated with the use of tobacco. Studies indicate that the outbreak of influenza has been linked with smoking cases. Data showed that 69 percent of the smokers have high chances of getting complications associated with influenza than non-smokers. On the other hand, non-smokers have been found have fewer chances of contracting the disease, which stands at 30.35 percent. Studies done in South Carolina indicate that earlier cases were closely associated with smoking. People who smoked heavily that is more than 20 cigarettes in a day were found to have 23 more likely to illness than no smokers. Findings from earlier studies show that there is high relative influenza risk in the people who are older than those who are younger(Lightwood, James, Alexis, and Glantz, p 780). The medical costs associated with influenza disease and control during the earlier time was found to be close to 1 percent of the total gross product of a country. The costs were associate d with the creation of awareness, education, treatment, and eradication. Others were associated with specialized care and immunization. Pregnancy Costs in Healthcare Examination of the pregnancy costs associated with tobacco use has been rising over time. Consumption of the commodity among women has been linked with miscarriages and threat of health of the unborn. Exposure to smoking during pregnancy shows that it leads to the birth of the infant who is underweight. There are also prenatal exposure cases related to the environment. The overall impact is disorder in the children. There are also post-natal tobacco smoke exposure cases which causes the behavioral impact on children. Data shows that women who smoke actively have the higher chance of giving unhealthy births. Control measures have been found to be costly since people have to be educated on how to handle the children with disorders. The Budgetary Impact of Smoking Use of tobacco is very costly both to the individuals, the government and the households. The individuals costs are reacted to the family as well as those who are close to the individuals. When a person is diagnosed with diseases associated with the terminal or even other common illness, there are direct and indirect costs. Direct costs are associated with access to medical care, special treatment, special meals and other expenditures which individual undergo to access the medical services(Lightwood, James, Alexis, and Glantz, p 799). Then we have the burden of the societal costs. Those are charges which the community incur in the process of eradication of the negative impact of the disease. There are several approaches which have been developed in the course of estimating the economic impact of tobacco smoking in the society. The process entails weighing the benefits and shortcomings of campaign and eradication process. Cases of high costs indicate that social impact in use of rest rictive measures is relatively costly, while low costs indicate that approach is economical. Individual costs of smoking healthcare include medical bills which are paid directly in the course of controlling the condition. Treatment costs of the individual are part of direct costs. When individuals become sick, there is lost personal productivity. In such cases, the family suffers due to reduced access to income from the individual. Then, we have the hospital and care bills which have to be catered. The common people associated with the individual hence have to bear such charges. Studies done on the real costs of tobacco smoking economics indicate that the total revenues collected by the government cannot match the costs associated with control and treatment of the negative impacts. The studies indicate that budgetary allocation does not match the level of income associated with tobacco effects. There is direct government spending which includes medical care for the individuals(Lightwood, James, Alexis, and Glantz, p 790). Then there is the indirect medical care which include s medical working hours which are spent in the course of treatment. A cost of packet goes for an average of $6.6, while medical care costs and lost value of productivity is far much more than the amount of production. There are personal and business costs associated with healthcare provision of the individuals who smoke. Private costs and business costs include health insurance policy covers, travel costs, medical bills and reduced time allocation in the working station. There are also costs associated with lifetime care of the individuals. They are calculated using a comparison approach with non-smokers. In this case, the costs of reduced productivity, reduced family time and the overall care in the medical access gives a clear image that tobacco economics are crucial in a mastery of the flow of allocation of resources. Non-smokers live the longer life, and most of them are productive compared to smokers(Lightwood, James, Alexis, and Glantz, p 795). Still, the comparison shows that smokers spend more money in the course of purchase of tobacco commodities. The overall impact of reduced personal care and health of the individual. The medical costs in some studies have shown that have been increasin g over time. The supply of tobacco has been rising due to demand on the end users. More than $19.9 billion is spent in Netherlands alone to eradicate and control the use of the commodity. Studies done by the World Bank indicates that economic costs associated with the use of tobacco across the globe have been rising. The global net loss was at US$400 billion per year in the year 2014, with 50 percent of the losses being witnessed in the developing countries. The true value of loss may not be calculated due to reduced lifespan of the smokers. Use of prevention measures in the healthcare industry has been having been cited as the most effective control approaches from the point of cost-benefit analysis. In developing countries, the healthcare industry incurs US$20 to US$40 per year in single treatment for the individuals(Prokhorov, Alexander V., et al p 895). Treatment in medical centers indicates that prolonging lives of the affected individual by 10 percent costs US$ 18 000 per year. Supply of Tobacco and Its Economics Supply of the tobacco in the course of study of healthcare industry can be done through examination of the sources of the commodity. The trigger of supply is a demand for the product. The economists have been advocating that production of the commodity leads to revenues generation. Tobacco farming is the source of live hood for most of the people who engage in farming. The collection of taxes from the crop and employment creation have been cited as one of the leading factors which encourage its slow eradication. The government has cited reduction of taxes from reduced supply and decline of employed as very serious cases. Economic policy-makers have under looked at the long-term impact of the product as an expense of the short-term gains. The government reaps various types of income from the activity of taxing tobacco commodities. The federal tax of cigarette stands at $1.02 per unit packet of with over 18 billion packets sold in on annuals basis(Prokhorov, Alexander V., et al p 897). The government hence collects over $40 billion from the product. Countries with weak administrative taxation methods have been found to experience challenges when it comes to controlling of the tobacco use. Lack of suitable analytical methods of the commodity flow in the market limits the process of increasing taxes. Taxation should also be broad and not just on end commodities alone. There should be precise legal methods of handling the smokers and the sellers of the products. Control Measures of Tobacco and Impact of Healthcare Industry There are several methods which can use to control access and use of tobacco by the public. Several studies have been done on the approaches of control. One of the methods is through legislation approaches. Member of the Congress has passed bills on how to control the use of tobacco through the legal system. The objective has been pushed through the manufacturing process of the products, marketing, and sales process. Others include restrictions on places and pricing. For instance, the manufacturing should meet certain standards to ensure that the impact is reduced to the users. There should be clear labeling of the products and how they are consumed. Still, marketing and distribution have been controlled by the government. The objective is to balance demand and supply and ensure that there is reduced access. The packaging has been used as an indicator and warning to the users about the commodity use. Restrictions on sale to underage have also been put in place to ensure that people w ho are minors do not engage in the use of the products(Prokhorov, Alexander V., et al p 901). Still, restriction ensures that the products of tobacco do not enter in the private and public place which are designed to be tobacco-free zones. The public sector has also been in the front line in ensuring that there is control of the access of the tobacco. Measures such as campaigns and creation of awareness have been in use. Individuals who smoke have also been provided with counseling services and access to medical healthcare. Conclusion The tobacco economics can be analyzed from demands, supply, and the control measures in the healthcare industry. Millions of money are spent annually in the process of treatment and care of the smokers. Even though tobacco industry generates billions of dollars through taxation process and offers employment to the millions of people, the final impact outweighs the income. Control measures have been put across manufacturing, supply, and distribution of the commodities. There should be the strong approach to ensure that promotional activities of the products are done effectively. The healthcare industry should ensure that there are public education and creation of awareness. Still, the government should work with private bodies to eradicate access and consumption of the commodity. Young people should be given information regarding medical care and other side effects of tobacco. The total costs of healthcare attention cannot be compared income generated by the products. It hence evident that control of the tobacco should be put in place to ensure that lives are saved. The more than $100 billion spent on matters of healthcare can hence be reduced through effective control approaches. Work Cited Abrams, David B., et al. Integrating individual and public health perspectives for treatment of tobacco dependence under managed health care: a combined stepped-care and matching model. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 18.4 (2016): 290-304. John, R. M., H. Y. Sung, and W. Max. Economic cost of tobacco use in India, 2004. Tobacco control 18.2 (2009): 138-143. Prokhorov, Alexander V., et al. Youth tobacco use: a global perspective for child health care clinicians. Pediatrics 118.3 (2016): e890-e903. Lightwood, James M., Alexis Dinno, and Stanton A. Glantz. Effect of the California tobacco control program on personal health care expenditures. PLoS Medicine 5.8 (2008): e178. World Health Organization, and Research for International Tobacco Control. W.H.O. report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2014: the MPOWER package. World Health Organization, 2014.

Jennifer Kennedy - ThoughtCo

Essay about What´s Cooperative Space-time Coding - 889 Words

Literature Survey: Cooperative diversity for a simple three-terminal relay channel was first introduced in [12]. Later, in [1], several improvements were made in capacity bounds and cooperative schemes, such as decode-and-forward, were introduced. Modifications to amplify-and-forward scheme were proposed in [13-16]. Based on these, more relaying schemes were introduced in [17-24]. The performance and other characteristics of the aforementioned schemes in several environments were studied in [17-27]. Extensions to a multi-terminal, multihop network were made in [13-17], where a clustered model and ad hoc network architecture were studied and useful results for transmit and receive diversity gains and relaying strategies were obtained.†¦show more content†¦Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) [2, 3, 30, 31] systems were introduced in order to enhance the performance of the wireless communications systems to provide robustness, high data rates, and reliability by overcoming th e channel fading with the use of multiple antennas. A MIMO system offers redundancy through the multiple independent channels, which are created between the transmitting and the receiving antennas of the system. Using multiple-input multiple output systems, significant improvements are made in the coverage ranges of the communication systems and the data throughput without the need for additional transmission power or bandwidth expansion. Cooperative diversity can also be used to increase the coverage area (e.g., cellular networks) as was investigated in [2] For decode and forward if no MRC is deployed then the optimum location is midway between the source and the destination, but if MRC is used then the optimum location is towards the source as derived in [2]. A distributed relay assignment algorithm was also given in [2]. It also addresses the problem of relay–source assignment. The optimum locations of relay for decode and forward and amplify and forward have also been proposed by the author. Simon, Marvin K et al., in [3] presented a unified approach to evaluating the error rate performance of digital communication system over fading channels. The classical relay channel was introduced by Van der Meulen [4] models a three terminalShow MoreRelatedSecurity Analysis Of A Protocol For Pollution Attack Detection1459 Words   |  6 PagesAttack Detection† is based on the concept of network coding. Since we have a limited bandwidth it becomes imperative for us to optimize our network in such a way that we can make maximum use of the network resources. Network coding allows us to do that. It achieves this by combining different packets that it receives at a node into one single packet for transmission, instead of simply taking and forwarding the packets. However, network coding is vulnerable to pollution attacks where a single maliciousRead MoreRelay Network Optimal Design Of Distributed Concatenated Alamouti Codes1667 Words   |  7 Pages(UFCP) and space-time block cod e (STBC), a novel distributed concatenated Alamouti code is devised for a one-way relaying network consisting of two end nodes with each having a single antenna and one relay node equipped with two antennas. Allowing the terminal nodes and the relay node to transmit their own information concurrently at the bit level, and turns the equivalent channel between the two end nodes into a product of two Alamouti channels. thus, called UFCP concatenated Alamouti space-time blockRead MoreThe Impact Of Big Box Stores On Small Retail Shops1177 Words   |  5 Pagesmost cities where they locate take particular notice of the longer term impact of the giant sized footprints they require and what can be done to better incorporate this style of structure into the community architectural design. Also debated is how these large retailers can be used to encourage small business and lessen negative impact they might experience. Jennifer S. Evans-Cowley (2008), undertook a study to research how munic ipalities around the country were dealing with this issue. Evans-CowleyRead MoreDeveloping A Strong Classroom Management Style1513 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many factors that affects a student s ability to learn and achieve. Classroom management plays a major role in the effectiveness of education and paves the way for the teacher to engage students in learning. Classroom management creates a set of expectations, routines, rules, and consequences. Through my experience at Olson Elementary, I have had the privilege of observing Ms. Mason, her students, and how she addresses classroom management. Every teacher has their own approach on classroomRead MoreOppressive and Repressive Social Institutions, Value Systems and Codes of Behaviour Are Central to the Horror, Science-Fiction and Fantasy Genres. Focusing on 1-2 Examples of Your Choice, Consider How These Genres2841 Words   |  12 Pagesthreatening ‘other’. This essay will offer the opinion that it is through these representations that the horror genre produces the ideo logical figure of the ‘monstrous homosexual’. The discourses and ideologies explored will primarily be those relating to coding of the homosexual subject as predator and paedophile. This essay will engage with genre theory in order to demonstrate how narrative repetition in the horror genre mediates the homosexual subject as a disruption to the social order which must be eliminatedRead MoreRadio Techniques For A Efficient Wireless Network2843 Words   |  12 PagesPramod Kumar Rapolu Vikas Reddy Bontha SIU #853243613 SIU#853245274 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southern Illinois University Carbondale Abstract—In the recent times, researches show that all wireless networks are not energy–efficient than what we expect to be, especially the base stations through which the terminal access takes place. In order to overcome and solve this problem Mobile Virtual Centre of Excellence (VCE) has performed a project namedRead MoreEssay on The Concept of Deictic Centre3334 Words   |  14 Pagesspeaker does not consciously use deictic expressions, as well as the adressee usually understands the utterance immediately (meaning that the adressee does not need much time to think about an utterance before understanding the message). Deixis makes discourse easier and more effective, giving us a means to pass more information in less time. Nevertheless, there are certain situations making an interpretation difficult or even impossible, mostly when we only get chunks of information and therefore lackRead MoreCyber Criminals Profit From Exploited People3088 Words   |  13 Pagesbeen developing in nature. Trojan.cryptolocker scrambles information records, for example, pictures and Microsoft Office archives, and afterward requests installment through Bitcoin or Moneypak to unscramble every one of them inside a commencement time period. This Ransomcrypt Trojan utilizes solid encryption calculations which make it very nearly difficult to unscramble the records without the cryptographic key. Cryptolocker was a ransomware Trojan which focused on machines running Microsoft WindowsRead MoreHealthcare Business: The Legality of Introducing a New Structure for Organ Donation2843 Words   |  11 Pagesindustry so that the patients can choose the right healthcare provider and structure. To further illustrate this point, the overall concept of shelf space for a new product on the market will involve buying the shelf space for any ordinary product; however the use of monetary compensation for medical referrals is a criminal offence and can result in jail time. In this paper, we will discuss a specific line of action in the healthcare industry dealing with organ donation and transplantation. The paperRead MoreDynamic Spectrum Access Simulation5571 Words   |  23 PagesSDR An SDR is a radio in which the properties of carrier frequency, signal bandwidth, modulation, and network access are defined by software. Today’s modern SDR also implements any necessary cryptography; forward error correction (FEC) coding; and source coding of voice, video, or data in software as well. The roots of SDR design go back to 1987, when Air Force Rome Labs (AFRL) funded the development of a programmable modem as an evolutionary step beyond the architecture of the integrated communications

Event Management Toyota

Question: Discuss about theEvent Managementfor Toyota. Answer: Pre Event Toyota has currently decided to launch an innovative Hybrid Cruiser in the Australian market. The company is going to arrange an effective promotion on 1st February 2016. Melbournes Federation Square is the selected place where a large number of dignitaries and VIPs have been invited the senior manager staffs; the board of directors, CEO of the company and the CSR director of Toyota would attend the program and deliver their valuable speeches regarding the next agenda of Toyota (Eisen et al. 2012). Marketing, Promotion and Vranding In order to promote the management, an effective press release would be prepared for published in the official website of Toyota. This press release would help the concerned members for getting an in-depth overview regarding the agenda of Toyota in the coming days. Finance: Toyota has decided to invest $5000000 for the event management plan. The guests who are expected to attend the event would be treated with extra-vagrant way for promoting the business in effectively. Location: Melbournes Federation Square would be chosen as the proper destination of arranging the program. Private cars would be available in different corners of Australia for receiving the honorable guests. Human Resource: In order to executive the entire program, successfully some of the concerned persons should have a direct involvement. The event manager, the agency executives, human resource managers and presenter would have an equal contribution for making the event successful. Sponsors: Coca-Cola, Australia National Sports Club, Sports super center have already expanded their widespread wings in order to sponsor in the promotional activities of Hybrid Cruiser of Toyota. They would be invited as well for attending the event of Toyota launch party. Programs: The valuable speeches would be delivered on behalf of the eminent personalities of Toyota. They would provide a deep insight about the innovative features of this new car that can create a distinct identity of this Hybrid Cruiser (Getz 2012). Toyotas next agendas would also be discussed in this event. Event Logistics: Sufficient food and water supply, availability of cars to bring the guests in the proper destination, available space to enjoy the program etc would be available for providing a comfortable atmosphere to the guests. Legal Risk: In order to conduct the entire event management plan successfully some of the risk factors can occur at the middle of the event. In order to overcome those risks, the initiatives that would have to be taken are as follows: Conducting the program in dry weather Making the list of invitees from the beginning and providing them sufficient reception Taking the permission of government before conducting the program Cleaning the Maintenance Plan: The entire place would be kept neat and clean maintaining hygiene factors on organizers. All the invitees would be treated with equal respect and dignity. Any kind of biasness would not be entertained at middle of the event. Apart from all the concerns, a well-described script would be prepared for drawing the attention of the invitees (Masterman 2014). The volunteers and the staffs would provide effective services for fulfilling the needs and demands of the guests. Droping Figure 1: WBS Document for Event management plan (Source: Masterman 2014) During the Event: On the day of event, the presenter would take the responsibility of providing a brief regarding the purpose of arranging this particular event. The entire journey of Toyota and their ways of business expansion all over the world would be highlighted in this event. The current features of Hybrid Cruisers and its specialties would be pointed out in this event. The USP of the new car would be presented in such a way that journalists show their interest for publishing the news in their channels and newspapers. Post Event: After the event a special regards would be delivered to the concerned sponsors who have left immense contribution making the event successful. A formal thank you letter would be provided to the volunteers, performers, staffs and all other participants of the events at the end of entire program. An effective should also be collected from the chief guests in order to know their reaction about the overall arrangement of the program. After collecting the feedback from various corners, the event management agency should evaluate the feedback, be it positive or negative. Negative feedback should be accepted happily so that the organizers can improve those aspects next time. In addition, at the end of the event the agency has to take the responsibility to drop the chief the guests to the proper destination. The feedback of the journalists would also be acquired at the end of the program. Reference List: Eisen, T., Sternberg, C.N., Robert, C., Mulders, P., Pyle, L., Zbinden, S., Izzedine, H. and Escudier, B., 2012. Targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma: review of adverse event management strategies.Journal of the National Cancer Institute,104(2), pp.93-113. Getz, D., 2012. Event studies: Discourses and future directions.Event Management,16(2), pp.171-187. Masterman, G., 2014.Strategic sports event management. Routledge.

Is Torture justified free essay sample

What is torture? Basically, this is the action of physically or psychologically hurting a person without their permission and against their will. The torture has many goals such as obtaining a confession or information of the victim, revenge for an act committed by the victim or just for entertainment morbid and sadistic of the torturer. According to the 1984 United Nations Convention against Torture, the torture is: â€Å"any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him, or a third person, information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Torture justified? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in, or incidental to, lawful sanctions. † Torture is not acceptable because it is degrading and ethically wrong, but under certain circumstances torture can be justified. Torture is justifiable if lives of innocent people are in risk or if an entire nation is in danger. First of all torture is justifiable when the lives of innocent people are in danger of being injured by violent motives. For example, in the scenario that a terrorist put a ticking time bomb in a public place like the case of a shopping center, a park, a hospital, a stadium, etc. This person is the only one who can give a clue as how, when and where the attack will happen, so it is definitely better sacrifices the human rights of a single person who is doing evil, for it can save the lives of hundreds of innocent people. Another example, in the scenario of a murderer or rapist who uses torture for sadistic and morbid motives, and he has prisoners and assuming that the police caught him, and this person does not want willingly confess the crimes committed and the location of these people. Then, the morals and ethics of society should be left aside and act promptly to extract the information needed to save these people from suffering provided by the torturer. According to Mirko Bagaric claims that torture is morally justified in order to save the lives of innocent people. He is confident that torture gives reliable information that can prevent terrorist attacks. According to the author, torture is a way to avoid killing innocent people. He claims that torture should never be used for punishment and domination, but it has different considerations when used for humane reasons such as saving lives. In one part of his article says, â€Å"Killing Innocent People Worse than Torture; Paradoxically, people who propose an absolute ban on torture arent sufficiently repulsed by torture and are too willing to accept the murder of innocent people: either they lack compassion or have a warped moral compass. Torture is bad. Killing innocent people is worse. Some people are so depraved that they combine these evils and torture innocent people to death. † Mirko Babaric is certain that torture is not cruel if it is motivated by a compassionate desire to avoid a tragedy, and it gets a greater good. He made a refutation to the people who are against torture. He said, â€Å"There could be nothing more inhumane than doing nothing as innocent people are being tortured to death. † Torture used to save the life of another person is acceptable. In another article clearly shows a real example of how the torture served to save the life of a human being. â€Å"In June 1979 Jean Leon and an accomplice kidnapped Miami cab driver Louis Gachelin, held him at gunpoint, and demanded a seven-thousand-dollar ransom from his family. Police officers quickly captured Leon, but Gachelin was not with him. Concerned that Gachelin might be murdered once Leons absence was noticed by his accomplice, seven police officers made a radical decision: To find out where Gachelin was being held, they beat the information out of Leon. The kidnapper caved in, and Gachelin was rescued. His life had arguably been saved by the use of torture. † The author also shows how torture has been used since human civilization from The Code of Hammurabi , 1750 BC to the present day with the intention to punish or to get information, even in some parts of the world are still cases of torture as way of punishment or conviction, but this is not the case of the Americans because they do not supporter torture as a punishment, and it is established on the Eighth Amendment which prohibits cruel and unusual punishment. nevertheless, the torture can be used in cases like Gachelin, where this serves as an interrogation technique to save the life of a person. Since The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, U. S. has been focused on how to prevent similar situations happen in the future. For this reason, some Americans have suggested the use of torture to obtain the desired information. The author notes that U. S. government has experimented with new techniques of interrogation without violating international human rights; those are as known stress and duress techniques, which consist of exposing prisoners to isolation, darkness, blindfolding, discomfort (such as being forced to stand in one position for four hours), forced nudity, and unpleasant food. These tactics are designed to demoralize prisoners so that they will provide information, and they have been met with much controversy over the legality and morality of their application. Those in favor of using the intensified techniques argue that the information extracted from stressed prisoners might save hundreds of lives. † The ticking time bomb is a very common scenario for those who support the use of torture. Supporters of the time bomb hypothesis believe that enhanced interrogation techniques are justified to obtain information from suspects to avoid massive loss of life. Although Americans have probably never faced a real time bomb scenario, many of them are familiar with the concept and are aware of the various means of torture that could be used to obtain the necessary information, and all this because a TV series called 24. This show is directed, produced and acted by Kiefer Sutherland as Jack Bauer, whose job is to prevent terrorist attacks against the United States. According to Human Rights, before September 11, 2001, there were four or fewer cases of torture on television each year. In 2009, more than 100 cases were reported acts of torture that appear on TV. According to David Danzig Human Rights, he said, It used to be almost exclusively the villains who tortured. Nowadays, torture is often perpetrated by the heroes, even though torture is illegal under the law U. S. and internationally. † Is Torture justified? The show 24 shows a simplified representation of the difficulty and complexity of the policy issues and definitions of torture facing the government of the United States. The opposite side says that Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatments are like slavery and genocide, and they are always unacceptable. This principle has been established for many years and is enshrined in international law. â€Å"Everyone has the right to freedom from torture and inhuman or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. † It is Accordance with Article 5 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They get three main arguments against the authorization of torture. First, it is the argument of art slippery slope this means that allowing torture in a limited context there may encourage more of these cases. Nonetheless, this argument does not work for the concept of torture because it is already used even though it is universally prohibited, according to reports Amnesty International reported cases of torture and ill-treatment in 132 countries in 2003, including the United States, Japan and France. The second argument is that torture makes it lose its human sense to the society. Nevertheless, a society that chooses to defend the rights of those who do evil on innocent people instead of defending innocent people, in that case the society needs to make an urgent moral and ethical change to see things more humanely. Finally, people cannot be absolutely certain that torturing someone gives us the result of saving the life of another person. However, it is a decision of self defense. In conclusion, the only way the torture is justified. There is when existed a threat to the lives of innocent people or finding a greater good for humanity. For example, a terrorist attack when is in danger the lives of hundreds of innocent people or in the case of murderers, rapists and kidnappers who has prisoners. keep in mind that torture can only be used as an information extraction technique because it is not acceptable as a punishment based on religious, political and social belief. Definitely, Torture is acceptable when used for the greater good of humanity to preserve the lives of innocent people.